Marine Plant-Based Phytoremediation of Heavy Metal Contamination: Insights from Scientometric Trends

Abstract

Traditional remediation processes are resource-intensive and disruptive, whereas phytoremediation presents an environmentally better approach. Nonetheless, its scalability, efficiency, and species-specific potential in the marine ecosystem are being investigated. Utilizing Scientometric applications like VOSviewer, Scopus / WoS / PubMed databases, we analyze 651 articles (2016-2025) to visualize research development, network collaboration between countries and authors, and upcoming technologies such as genetic engineering and microbiome-associated phytoremediation. Hyperaccumulator plants are promising but inefficient, depending on the heavy metals and environmental conditions. Advances in CRISPR-edited plants optimization are driving progress. Asia dominates publication, but field-scale applications are lagging. Phytoremediation’s potential for marine heavy metal cleanup is considerable, but it needs integration, policy support, and pilot-scale trials. Future research should focus on transgenic approaches, multi-metal resistance, and economic feasibility for global applicability.